Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 6, Issue 1 , Pages 37-39 , February 2010

Rising hypospadias rates: Disproving a myth

Received 4 March 2009 ,Accepted 15 May 2009.

References 

  1. Rowsell AR, Morgan BD. Hypospadias and the embryogenesis of the penile urethra. Br J Plast Surg. 1987;40:201–206
  2. Fisch H. Declining worldwide sperm counts: disproving a myth. Urol Clin North Am. 2008;35:137–146
  3. Paulozzi LJ. International trends in rates of hypospadias and cryptorchidism. Environ Health Perspect. 1999;107:297–302
  4. Paulozzi LJ, Erickson JD, Jackson RJ. Hypospadias trends in two US surveillance systems. Pediatrics. 1997;100:831–834
  5. Edmonds LD, Layde PM, James LM, Flynt JW, Erickson JD, Oakley GD. Congenital malformations surveillance: two American systems. Int J Epidemiol. 1981;10:247–252
  6. Fisch H, Lambert SM, Hensle TW, Hyun G. Hypospadias rates in New York State are not increasing. J Urol. 2009;181:2291–2294
  7. Carmichael SL, Shaw GM, Nelson V, Selvin S, Torfs CP, Curry CJ. Hypospadias in California: trends and descriptive epidemiology. Epidemiology. 2003;14:701
  8. Porter MP, Faizan MK, Grady RW, Mueller BA. Hypospadias in Washington State: maternal risk factors and prevalence trends. Pediatrics. 2005;115:e495
  9. Ahmed SF, Dobbie R, Finlayson AR, Gilbert J, Youngson G, Chalmers J, et al. Prevalence of hypospadias and other genital anomalies among singleton births, 1988–1997, in Scotland. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2004;89:F149
  10. Dolk H, Vrijheid M, Scott JE, Addor MC, Botting B, de Vigan C, et al. Toward the effective surveillance of hypospadias. Environ Health Perspect. 2004;112:398

PII: S1477-5131(09)00349-0

doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2009.05.005

Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 6, Issue 1 , Pages 37-39 , February 2010

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