Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 5, Issue 3 , Pages 165-169 , June 2009

Obstructive complications of lichen sclerosus

  • Matthew S. Christman

      Affiliations

    • Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1 619 532 7200; fax: +1 619 532 7234.
    • ,
  • Jamesina T. Chen

      Affiliations

    • Vista Community Clinic, Vista, CA, USA
    • ,
  • Nicholas M. Holmes

      Affiliations

    • Pediatric Urology Division, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA

Received 17 June 2008 ,Accepted 14 December 2008.

References 

  1. Pugliese JM, Morey AF, Peterson AC. Lichen sclerosus: review of the literature and current recommendations for management. J Urol. 2007;178:2268–2276
  2. Catterall RD, Oates JK. Treatment of balanitis xerotica obliterans with hydrocortisone injections. Br J Vener Dis. 1962;38:75–77
  3. Hawkswell J, Nathan M. Lichen sclerosus and acute urinary obstruction. Genitourin Med. 1992;68:177–178
  4. Meuli M, Briner J, Hanimann B, Sacher P. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus causing phimosis in boys: a prospective study with 5-year followup after complete circumcision. J Urol. 1994;152:987–989
  5. Hrebinko R. Circumferential laser vaporization for severe meatal stenosis secondary to balanitis xerotica obliterans. J Urol. 1996;156:1735–1736
  6. Rudolph R, Walther P. Full-thickness skin grafts from eyelids to penis, plus split-thickness grafts in chronic balanitis xerotica obliterans. Ann Plast Surg. 1997;38:173–176
  7. Dogra PN, Singh I, Khaitan A. Urethral stone presenting as a stop valve – a rare complication of balanitis xerotica obliterans. Int Urol Nephrol. 2001;33:395–396
  8. Vergara G, Betlloch I, Albares MP, Pascual JC, Guijarro J, Botella R. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus arising in urethrostomy scar. Int J Derm. 2002;41:619–621
  9. Gargollo PC, Kozakewich HP, Bauer SB, Borer JG, Peters CA, Retik AB, et al. Balanitis xerotica obliterans in boys. J Urol. 2005;174:1409–1412
  10. Sandler G, Patrick E, Cass D. Long standing balanitis xerotica obliterans resulting in renal impairment in a child. Pediatr Surg Int. 2008;28:961–964
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  13. Hinchliffe SA, Ciftci AO, Khine MM, Rickwood AMK, Ashwood J, McGill F, et al. Composition of the inflammatory infiltrate in pediatric penile lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (balanitis xerotica obliterans): a prospective, comparative immunophenotyping study. Pediatr Pathol. 1994;14:223–233
  14. Bale PM, Martin HCO, Lochhead A. Balanitis xerotica obliterans in children. Pediatr Pathol. 1987;7:617–627
  15. Mikat DM, Ackerman HR, Mikat KM. Balanitis xerotica obliterans: report of a case in an 11-year-old and review of the literature. Pediatrics. 1973;52:25–28
  16. McKay DL, Fuqua F, Weinberg AG. Balanitis xerotica obliterans in children. J Urol. 1975;114:773–775
  17. Rickwood AMK, Hemalatha V, Batcup G, Spitz L. Phimosis in boys. Br J Urol. 1980;52:147–150
  18. Chalmers RJG, Burton PA, Bennett RF, Goring CC, Smith PJB. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. Arch Dermatol. 1984;120:1025–1027
  19. Kiss A, Kiraly L, Kutasy B, Merksz M. High incidence of balanitis xerotica obliterans in boys with phimosis: prospective 10-year study. Pediatr Dermatol. 2005;22:305–308
  20. Gairdner D. The fate of the foreskin. Br Med J. 1949;2:1433–1437
  21. Depasquale I, Park AJ, Bracka A. The treatment of balanitis xerotica obliterans. BJU Int. 2000;86:459–465
  22. Mattioli G, Repetto P, Carlini C, Granata C, Gambini C, Jasonni V. Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in children with phimosis and hypospadias. Pediatr Surg Int. 2002;18:273–275
  23. Schinella RA, Miranda D. Posthitis xerotica obliterans in circumcision specimens. Urology. 1974;3:348–351
  24. Kiss A, Csontai A, Pirot L, Nyirady P, Merksz M, Kiraly L. The response of balanitis xerotica obliterans to local steroid application compared with placebo in children. J Urol. 2001;165:219–220
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PII: S1477-5131(08)00454-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2008.12.007

Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 5, Issue 3 , Pages 165-169 , June 2009

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