Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 5, Issue 4 , Pages 287-291 , August 2009

Urinary schistosomiasis-associated morbidity in schoolchildren detected with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) reagent strips

  • J. Russell Stothard

      Affiliations

    • Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +44 207 942 5490; fax: +44 207 942 5518.
    • ,
  • Jose C. Sousa-Figueiredo

      Affiliations

    • Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
    • ,
  • I. Simba Khamis

      Affiliations

    • Helminth Control Laboratory Unguja, Helminth Control Programme, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Zanzibar, Tanzania
    • ,
  • Amadou Garba

      Affiliations

    • National Programme for Control of Schistosomiasis and Intestinal Worms, Ministry of Health, Niamey, Niger
    • ,
  • David Rollinson

      Affiliations

    • Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK

Received 31 August 2008 ,Accepted 22 September 2008.

References 

  1. WHO . The control of schistosomiasis. WHO technical report series. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1993;
  2. King C, Dickman BA, Tisch DJ. Reassessment of the cost of chronic helminthic infection: a meta analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemic schistosomiasis. Lancet. 2005;365:1561–1569
  3. Van der Werf M, De Vlas SJ. Diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis: a novel approach to compare bladder pathology measured by ultrasound and three methods for hematuria detection. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71:98–106
  4. Hotez P, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Ottesen E, Sachs ES, Sachs JD. Incorporating a rapid-impact package for neglected tropical diseases with programs for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. PLoS Med. 2006;3:576–584
  5. Rollinson D, Klinger EV, Mgeni AF, Khamis IS, Stothard JR. Urinary schistosomiasis on Zanzibar: application of two novel assays for the detection of excreted albumin and haemoglobin in urine. J Helminthol. 2005;79:199–206
  6. Tanner M. Evaluation and monitoring of schistosomiasis control. Trop Med Parasitol. 1989;40:207–213
  7. Anderson R, May RM. Herd immunity to helminth infection and implications for parasite control. Nature. 1985;315:493–496
  8. French MD, Rollinson D, Basáñez M-G, Mgeni AF, Khamis S, Stothard JR. School-based control of urinary schistosomiasis on Zanzibar, Tanzania: monitoring micro-haematuria with reagent strips as a rapid urological assessment. J Pediatr Urol. 2007;3:364–368
  9. Hatz C, Jenkins JM, Meudt R, Abdel-Wahab MF, Tanner M. A review of the literature on the use of ultrasonography in schistosomiasis with special reference to its use in field studies. 1. Schistosoma haematobium. Acta Trop. 1992;51:1–14
  10. Hatz C, Vennervald BJ, Nkulila T, Vounatsou P, Kombe Y, Mayombana C, et al. Evolution of Schistosoma haematobium-related pathology over 24 months after treatment with praziquantel among school children in south-eastern Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998;59:775–781
  11. Burki A, Tanner M, Schweizer W, Meudt R, Degrémont A. Comparison of ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography and cystoscopy in detection of urinary tract lesions due to Schistosoma haematobium. Acta Trop. 1986;43:139–151
  12. Vennervald B, Kahama AI, Reimert CM. Assessment of morbidity in Schistosoma haematobium infection: current methods and future tools. Acta Trop. 2000;77:81–89
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  14. Stothard JR, Loxton NJ, Rollinson D, Mgeni AF, Khamis S, Ameri H, et al. The transmission status of Bulinus on Zanzibar Island (Unguja), with implications for control of urinary schistosomiasis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2000;84:87–94
  15. Eknoyan G, Hostetter T, Bakris GL, Hebert L, Levey AS, Parving H-H, et al. Proteinuria and other markers of chronic kidney disease: a position statement of the National kidney Foundation (NKF) and the National Institute of diabetes and Digestive and kidney diseases (NIDDK). Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42:617–622
  16. Montresor A, Crompton DW, Gyorkos TW, Savioli L. Helminth control in school age children: a guide for managers of control programmes. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2002;
  17. WHO . Meeting on ultrasonography in schistosomiasis. Proposal for a practical guide to the standardized use of ultrasound in the assessment of pathological changes. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1991;
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  20. Richter J. Evolution of schistosomiasis-induced pathology after therapy and interruption of exposure to schistosomes: a review of ultrasonographic studies. Acta Trop. 2000;77:111–131
  21. Tonelli M, Jose P, Curhan G, Sacks F, Braunwald E, Pfeffer M. Proteinuria, impaired kidney function, and adverse outcomes in people with coronary disease: analysis of a previously conducted randomised trial. BMJ. 2006;332:1426

PII: S1477-5131(08)00453-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2008.09.010

Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 5, Issue 4 , Pages 287-291 , August 2009

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