Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 3, Issue 3 , Pages 189-193 , June 2007

Experiences of children treating functional bladder disturbances on schooldays

  • Barbro Lundblad

      Affiliations

    • Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Göteborg University, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
    • Tel.: +46 31 822141 (home), +46 31 773 6054 (work).
  • ,
  • Marie Berg

      Affiliations

    • Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Göteborg University, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
  • ,
  • Anna-Lena Hellström

      Affiliations

    • Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Göteborg University, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
    • Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Box 457, Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Göteborg University, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.

Received 21 July 2006 ,Accepted 2 August 2006.

References 

  1. Lundblad B, Hellström A-L. Perceptions of school toilets as cause for irregular toilet habits among schoolchildren aged 6 to 16 years. J Sch Health. 2005;75:125–128
  2. Boyt MA. Teachers' knowledge of normal and abnormal elimination patterns in elementary school children. J Sch Nurs. 2005;21:346–349
  3. Cooper CS, Abousally CT, Austin JC, Boyt MA, Hawtrey CE. Do public schools teach voiding dysfunction? Results of an elementary school teacher survey. J Urol. 2003;170:956–958
  4. Vernon S, Lundblad B, Hellström A-L. Children's experiences of school toilets present a risk to their physical and psychological health. Child Care Health Dev. 2003;29:47–53
  5. Croghan EL. A survey of drinking and toilet facilities in local state schools. Br J Community Nurs. 2002;7:76–79
  6. Barnes PM, Maddocks A. Standards in school toilets – a questionnaire survey. J Public Health Med. 2002;24:85–87
  7. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A. Incontinence: basics & evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international consultation on incontinence, 26–29 June 2004. Vol 1. Plymouth, MN: Health Publication Ltd; 2005;p. 528–539
  8. Mattson S. Urinary incontinence and nocturia in healthy schoolchildren. Acta Paediatr. 1994;83:950–954
  9. Hellstrom AL, Hanson E, Hansson S, Hjälmås K, Jodal U. Micturition habits and incontinence in 7-year-old Swedish school entrants. Eur J Pediatr. 1990;149:434–437
  10. Hansen A, Hansen B, Dahm TL. Urinary tract infection, day wetting and other voiding symptoms in seven-to eight-year-old Danish children. Acta Paediatr. 1997;86:1345–1349
  11. Bakker E, van Sprundel M, Van der Auwera JC, Van Gool JD, Wyndaele JJ. Voiding habits and wetting in a population of 4,332 Belgian school children aged between 10 and 14 years. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2002;36:354–362
  12. Wennergren HM, Öberg BE, Sandstedt P. The importance of leg support for relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles. Scand J Nephrol. 1991;25:205–213
  13. Moore KH, Richmond DH, Sutherst JR, Imre AH, Hutton JL. Crouching over the toilet seat: prevalence among British gynaecological outpatients and its effect upon micturition. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1991;98:569–572
  14. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Khoury S, Wein A. Incontinence: basics & evaluation. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Consultation on Incontinence, 26–29 June 2004. Vol 2. Plymouth, MN: Health Publication Ltd; 2005;p. 528–539
  15. Hägglöf B, Andrén O, Bergström E, Marklund L, Wendelius L. Self-esteem in children with nocturnal enuresis and urinary incontinence: improvement of self-esteem after treatment. Eur Urol. 1998;33:16–19
  16. Krippendorff K. Content analysis. An introduction to its methodology. London: Sage; 2004;
  17. Kvale S. Interviews. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 1996;
  18. Hwang P, Lundberg I, Rönnberg J, Smedler A-C. Psychology of our time. [in Swedish] Stockholm: Natur och Kultur; 2005;
  19. Ulrich RS. Effects of healthcare environmental design on medical outcomes. In:  Dilani A editors. Design & health. The therapeutic benefits of design. Stockholm: Svensk Byggtjänst; 2001;p. 49–55
  20. Nightingale F. Notes on nursing. Philadelphia: Lippincott Company; 1992;

PII: S1477-5131(06)00162-8

doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2006.08.004

Journal of Pediatric Urology
Volume 3, Issue 3 , Pages 189-193 , June 2007